Microbiological control |
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COOLING WATER MICROORGANISMS algae fungi bacteria macrofouling In this discussion, microorganisms found in cooling water
systems are classified in terms of their evolutionary interrelationships.
Bacteria and blue-green algae belong to the Kingdom Monera, while other
algae, fungi, slime mold and protozoa belong to the Kingdom Protista. Plants
higher on the evolutionary scale comprise the Kingdom The Kingdom Monera contains all living organisms characterized by the absence of a formed nucleus. The genetic material is dispersed in "clumps" throughout the cytoplasm. The bacteria and blue-green algae in this
kingdom are largely unicellular, microscopic, capable of rapid reproduction and
represent a vast array of species distributed around the world. Nutritionally,
the blue-green algae are largely photosynthetic (manufacture their own food) and
the bacteria are either photo-synthetic, chemosynthetic (produce food by
inorganic or organic chemical reactions), parasitic or saprotrophic (depend on
other living or dead organisms as a food source). Algae, fungi, slime molds and protozoa belong to the Kingdom Protista. Of the first three, the more ancient and primitive species are unicellular while the advanced species are multicellular. Protozoa are unicellular. The Protista possess essentially four methods of food
production; namely, Microorganisms enter a industrial system through two sources. They may be present in the makeup water supply itself or in the air contacting the system, p.e. passing through the cooling tower. The following discussion of algae, bacteria and fungi as long as the macrofouling contaminations, is designed to provide a general understanding of their many types, general features, and how they affect industrial water systems.
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Metaphyta;
animals with the highest degree of complexity and multicellularity exhibited
make up
Figure
on the left is a simplified illustration of a typical bacteria cell.
photosynthesis,
heterotrophism (obtaining food from either organic or inorganic sources),
sapro-trophism and parasitism. Figure on the right illustrates the basic
structure of an algal cell.